Water Pollution:

Water pollution is a large set of adverse effects upon water bodies (lakes, rivers, oceans, groundwater) caused by human activities. Although natural phenomena such as volcanoes, storms, earthquakes etc. also cause major changes in water quality and the ecological status of water, these are not deemed to be pollution. Water pollution has many causes and characteristics. Humans and other farmed organisms produce bodily wastes which enter rivers, lakes, oceans and other surface waters. These wastes increase the solids suspended in the water (turbidity), they can increase the concentration of bacteria and viruses leading to potential health impacts.

Water pollution is a serious problem in the global context. It has been suggested that it is the leading worldwide cause of death and disease, and that it accounts for the deaths of more than 14,000 people daily.
Principal sources of water pollution are:
·    industrial discharge of chemical wastes and byproducts
·    discharge of poorly-treated or untreated sewage
·    surface runoff containing pesticides
·    surface runoff from construction sites, farms, or paved and other impervious surfaces e.g. silt
·    discharge of contaminated and/or heated water used for industrial processes
·    excess nutrients added by runoff containing detergents or fertilizers
·    underground storage tank leakage, leading to soil contamination, thence aquifer contamination.

Control Measures
The following measures can be used to stop water pollution:
·    every intelligent people should be wise enough not to pollute water in any way;
·    by research and legislation the pollution of water bodies, even though not entirely prevented, must be effectively controlled.